With the accelerating pace of reform and opening, the field of Chinese foreign trade is being enlarged day by day. The trading goods in China is no longer limited to general goods and all kinds of special bulky goods are transported increasingly through ocean shipping. Such as yachts, small ships, helicopters, aircraft tail, the first cabin in aircraft, high-speed train locomotives, transformers, super-long chemical facilities ( distillation towers) etc. Because these special bulky goods are super-long, super-wide, ultra-high, overweight, the traditional conveyance of general cargo unable to meet their transport requirements. Therefore, choose a suitable means of transport and methods of loading and unloading are particularly important when transporting ultra-conventional bulky cargoes.

    No matter what the means of transport and handling methods chose, the ultimate purpose is to reduce freight damage during transportation. The selective means of transport and methods of loading and unloading must be suitable for bulky goods that are super-long, super-wide, ultra-high, overweight, moves difficultly and damages easily. Moreover, the majority of high-tech (mechanical) products in these goods must be placed in the cabin in order to avoid damage caused by outside environment, humidity and collision.

    These bulky cargoes adopt lifting to load and unload when transporting with the traditional general cargo ship. These traditional methods can not be well suited to characters of these modern bulk goods, cause freight damage at different degree, reduce carrying efficiency and damage the interests of the clients.

    The operation processes of traditional lifting are: to lift the goods from wharf, move flatly, over the ship's rail, put down aligning hatch, fix in cabin after choosing the position.

    These are the reasons why freight damage occurred in operation: the first is goods are lifted too high, moved, shaken easily; the second is they turn over because goods are too long, unsteady when lifting and moving flatly; the third is the occurrence of collision, attrition between goods and hatch, bulkhead because some uncontrollable factors such as cargoes too long and swing when entering cabin and fixing position; the fourth is they are overweight, which cost a long time to lift, hang with steel wires that can damage goods packaging easily.

    How can reduce freight damage and improve transport efficiency? An effective method---- Roll ship loading and unloading.

    The operation processes of roll ship loading and unloading:

    The goods are lifted in wharf and the lift height is not more than one meter (to prevent the goods from being shaken and occurring freight damage). Put a chassis with wheels under the goods, fix the goods on the chassis (to prevent unsteadying and turning over), tow the chassis through hauler across deck to carry the goods into cabin and fix (prevent collision, friction between goods and cabin when the goods are carried into cabin). Goods are ultra-long and difficult to place can be solved according to the character of one cabin in roll ship. The problems of goods are ultra-high could be solved through design of roll ship that according to the height of goods to adjust the height of cabin plates; the roll ship whose deck could bear 40TM and width of hatch is 12 meters, thus, the problems of the goods are ultra-wide, overweight and are difficult to carried into cabin could be solved.

    In a word, due to the roll ship and its special equipments, it could solve the problems (the goods are ultra-high, over-wide, overweight), reduce the freight damage to the minimum during transporting bulky cargo, achieve high efficiency of freight transportation.